3/26/2023 0 Comments Agenda 21 pdfThe ASCN also focuses on capacity building and exchanges between these cities (and between African and European cities).Įuropean Sustainable Cities and Towns Campaign By 2000, 31 African cities in 9 countries (Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe) were participating in the ASCN and had signed the local government resolutions. The African Sustainable Cities Network (ASCN) aims to build the capacity of local governments to institute participatory environmental planning as an integrated function of public administration. ICLEI, in partnership with the Open Society Institute, designed the project to learn how open societies can be fostered and how quality of life can be improved. Roles of ICLEI Projects in Local Agenda 21 Implementationīetween 19 the Local Agenda 21 (LA21) incentive grants project provided grants, training, and program support to LA21 planning initiatives in 18 cities in Africa, Latin America, and Europe. Third, Agenda 21 demands place-based scientific and technical knowledge, which has resulted in increasing involvement of research-based institutions such as universities and private enterprises (Juma, 2002). Second, there is a movement from international top-down norm-setting to national institution-building and more “grassroots” approaches at the local government level. This shift is part of what has been called “the transition to sustainability” (NRC, 1999). First, the concept of sustainable development prompted a shift from focusing on single issues toward appreciating complex interactions between a wide range of environmental and developmental factors. Three major trends characterize progress on Agenda 21 implementation over the last 10 years. Meanwhile, environmental degradation and poverty at a global scale is worsening (Dernbach, 2002). Efforts to integrate environment and development into a common sustainable development framework remain in the early stages (UN, 2002a). Progress toward achieving Agenda 21 goals is occurring, but has been slower than anticipated (UN, 2002a). Agenda 21 was accepted by more than 178 governments in 1992. Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) provided a political foundation and programs to facilitate the transition toward sustainable development (UNCED, 1992) ( Table 1-1). GLOBAL PROGRESS WITH IMPLEMENTATION OF AGENDA 21
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